python if __main__

def main():
    print("Hello World!")

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

# If the python interpreter is running that module (the source file)
# as the main program, it sets the special __name__ variable to have
# a value “__main__”. If this file is being imported from another 
# module, __name__ will be set to the module’s name.
if __name__=='__main__':
  # do something

# It's as if the interpreter inserts this at the top
# of your module when run as the main program.
__name__ = "__main__" 

#Add this code to run a support module on its own.
#Great for running quick tests.

if __name__ == "__main__":
	function_that_starts_the_module_to_run_on_its_own() 
    #or
    test_function_included_in_module()

python foo.py

# Suppose this is foo.py.

print("before import")
import math

print("before functionA")
def functionA():
    print("Function A")

print("before functionB")
def functionB():
    print("Function B {}".format(math.sqrt(100)))

print("before __name__ guard")
if __name__ == '__main__':
    functionA()
    functionB()
print("after __name__ guard")